In vivo polyploidy induction of Phalaenopsis amabilis in a bubble bioreactor system using colchicine

Abstract Phalaenopsis amabilis Blume var. grandiflora Bateman is economically important as cut and pot flower. Polyploidy considered a valuable tool in improvement evolution of ornamental plants. Protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) P. were cultured on Murashige Skoog medium containing 0.20 mg L-1 IBA together with 2.00 KIN 1.00 g activated charcoal grown for period five months. Fully-developed plantlets from vitro PLBs immersed bubble reactor filled half-strength Hoagland solution the antimitotic agent colchicine (0.05%, 0.10% 0.15%, w/v) 72 h few drops (1 mL 0.1%) octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol or Nonidet (P-40) surfactant. Plantlets aerated to prevent hypoxia. Colchicine-treated untreated transferred pots 60 days. Tetraploidy was successfully induced by 0.15% colchicine. levels firstly detected using flow cytometry then confirmed cytological morphological observations. The chromosome number 2n = 2x 38 diploids 4x 76 tetraploid. Incubation liquid maximum recovered tetraploids minimum frequency survival (50%). tetraploid plants more compact exhibited round thick leaves darker green color than diploids. Stomata size larger less density Chloroplast guard cells about two times that control. These results indicate induction are reliable powerful generation novel phenotypes horticultural value genetic breeding. Produced current study have potential ornamental/floriculture trade.